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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kuc?ykface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"constellation of Cancerface="Times New Roman Star"созвездие Рака
face="Times New Roman Star"quc?yq (KB)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 591.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bo"gu"rface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"mountain slopeface="Times New Roman Star"склон горы

face="Times New Roman Star"bo"g|u"r





face="Times New Roman Star"bo"vu"r 'side'


















face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 2, 207. The root is historically different from *bo"gu"r 'kidney', but they are hard to distinguish within Turkic.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bo:nc?okface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"beads, small balls as ornamentsface="Times New Roman Star"бусы, маленькие шарики в качестве украшенийface="Times New Roman Star"monc?uq (Orkh., OUIgh.)face="Times New Roman Star"monc?uq (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"bonz?|ukface="Times New Roman Star"muncaq (КСТТ)face="Times New Roman Star"mync?ag| (Sangl.), bunz?|uq (Pav. C.), munc?aq (MA)face="Times New Roman Star"munc?o|qface="Times New Roman Star"monc?aq (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"munz?|ug|face="Times New Roman Star"mo:nz?|uqface="Times New Roman Star"monc?yx, monn/yx (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"*munz?|uq




face="Times New Roman Star"monc?oqface="Times New Roman Star"mons?aq
face="Times New Roman Star"munsaq (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"minc?aqface="Times New Roman Star"bonz?|uqface="Times New Roman Star"munz?|axface="Times New Roman Star"mons?aq
face="Times New Roman Star"minc?aqface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 340, EDT 349, ЭСТЯ 7. One can argue that this form is derived from *bo:jn 'neck' (in old sources the word is usually reserved for neck ornaments). Forms like mojyn-c?a-k, attested in Tat., Bashk., Nogh., Kirgh., as well as Chag. mync?ag|, KBalk., Kum. minc?aq should be probably explained that way; but the form *bo:n-c?ok itself may rather reflect earlier *mo:n|i-c?`V(k`V) 'round ornament', with secondary contaminations. Turk. > Russ. munc?akъ, see Аникин 395.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sagyr, *sagryface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"thujaface="Times New Roman Star"туяface="Times New Roman Star"sag|ry 'a k. of plant' (OUygh. - Suv.)

face="Times New Roman Star"sawyr
face="Times New Roman Star"sawir















face="Times New Roman Star"sawyr





face="Times New Roman Star"ДТС 481, Дмитриева 208.
face="Times New Roman Star"*T(i)adunface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 a one- or two-year old calf 2 oxface="Times New Roman Star"1 годовалый или двухгодовалый теленок 2 вол
face="Times New Roman Star"tad|un (MK) 1







face="Times New Roman Star"tazyn 2

















face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 457.
face="Times New Roman Star"*segu"tface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"willowface="Times New Roman Star"иваface="Times New Roman Star"so"gu"t 'tree' (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"so"gu"tface="Times New Roman Star"so"ju"t, so":u"t
face="Times New Roman Star"su"gu"d (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"so"ga"tface="Times New Roman Star"sa"wa"tface="Times New Roman Star"so"gu"t, segytface="Times New Roman Star"so"ju"dface="Times New Roman Star"so"wu"tface="Times New Roman Star"so":t

face="Times New Roman Star"sa"ja"t
face="Times New Roman Star"u"o"tface="Times New Roman Star"u"o"t






face="Times New Roman Star"su":t



face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 819, VEWT 429, Лексика 126, ЭСТЯ 7, Stachowski 252.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ug-ur-, *ug-ra-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to meet, go to meet; to intend 2 occasion, reason, timeface="Times New Roman Star"1 встречать, направляться к; намереваться 2 случай, причина, разface="Times New Roman Star"ug|ra- 1, ug|ur 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ug|ra- 1, ug|ur 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ug|ra- 1, u:r 2
face="Times New Roman Star"og|ur 2 (R), ug|ra- 1 (Бор. Бад.)face="Times New Roman Star"u:r 2 (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"ug|ur 2face="Times New Roman Star"uGra- 1, uGur 2












face="Times New Roman Star"og|ur 2face="Times New Roman Star"u:r 2, u:ra- 1face="Times New Roman Star"og|ur 2, og|ra- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"og|ur 2face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 89, 91, ЭСТЯ 1, 564-565, TMN 2, 604. Turk. > MMong. (MA) ug|ra- (see Щербак 1997, 198).
face="Times New Roman Star"*An/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"onion, edible rootface="Times New Roman Star"сарана









face="Times New Roman Star"aj (Koib.)





face="Times New Roman Star"ajface="Times New Roman Star"aj
face="Times New Roman Star"a:j, aj (Katanov)







face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 10.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bo:n/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 black currants 2 hazel-nutface="Times New Roman Star"1 черная смородина 2 орех













face="Times New Roman Star"mъjъr 2face="Times New Roman Star"mo:n/n/og|on 1












face="Times New Roman Star"Федотов 1, 346. Cf. also Yak. dial. majyara 'raspberry'. Chuv. > Hung. mogyo/ro 'hazelnut'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*su"glinface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"pheasantface="Times New Roman Star"фазан
face="Times New Roman Star"su"glin, su"vlin (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"su"lu"n
face="Times New Roman Star"su"lgu"n, su"glu"n (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"su"lgu"n


face="Times New Roman Star"su"lgu"nface="Times New Roman Star"su"len 'heron'face="Times New Roman Star"s?u"len 'heron, stork' (?)













face="Times New Roman Star"su"jlin (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 435, EDT 820-821, ЭСТЯ 7.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sygyrc?ykface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 grouse, hazel-hen 2 starlingface="Times New Roman Star"1 куропатка, рябчик 2 скворец
face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yrc?uq 1 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yrc?yk 2face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yrc?aq, syrc?yq, c?yjyrc?yq 2face="Times New Roman Star"sig|irc?iq, sig|irc?uq, sig|irc?in (R.)


face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yrc?yn 2
face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yraj 'bullfinch'


face="Times New Roman Star"s?ъn|gъrz?|ъ 2

face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yrg|a 'oriole'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?yjyrc?yq 2

face="Times New Roman Star"syjyrsyq 2
face="Times New Roman Star"sy:rz?yq 2


face="Times New Roman Star"syjyrtg|yc? 2face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 415, EDT 816, ЭСТЯ 7.
face="Times New Roman Star"*su:kakface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"antelope, deerface="Times New Roman Star"антилопа, оленьface="Times New Roman Star"suqaq (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"suqaq (MK, KB)

face="Times New Roman Star"soqaq (AH), syqaq (Pav. C.)



face="Times New Roman Star"so:g|aq (dial.)














face="Times New Roman Star"sog|aq, sog|ax


face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 808, ЭСТЯ 7.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sil-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 spittle, saliva 2 slimeface="Times New Roman Star"1 слюна, плевок 2 слизь

face="Times New Roman Star"sel, selik (dial.) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"silik (Ettuhf.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"s?ilik 2face="Times New Roman Star"s?ilim, s?illik 2
face="Times New Roman Star"selik 1









face="Times New Roman Star"sila"ma"ga"j (R.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"si>lemej 1







face="Times New Roman Star"See ЭСТЯ 7. Most of the Turkic words for 'saliva' are attested late and look like borrowings < Mong. silu"-kej; Yak. sil must also be borrowed (because of initial s-), perhaps from Mong. silo"-su" (with secondary loss of suffix?). The above forms, however, can be hardly explained as mongolisms.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ku"ri-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 a measure of capacity 2 a k. of basket for vegetablesface="Times New Roman Star"1 мера объема 2 вид корзины для овощейface="Times New Roman Star"ku"ri 1 (OUygh.) 'peck (2 and 1/2 bushels)'face="Times New Roman Star"ku"rin 2 (MK)



face="Times New Roman Star"ku"re| 1face="Times New Roman Star"k`o.r (10,35 l) 1




















face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 737, 746.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bunarface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"mistface="Times New Roman Star"туман


face="Times New Roman Star"monar














face="Times New Roman Star"munarface="Times New Roman Star"munarface="Times New Roman Star"munarface="Times New Roman Star"munar, monar


face="Times New Roman Star"munar

face="Times New Roman Star"Лексика 35-36. A Kypchak root, but hardly borrowed from Mong. (because of the -u-vocalism); perhaps it is rather a modification of indigenous *bun|ar (*-n|- would be expected in Turkic) under Mong. influence.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bon|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"malletface="Times New Roman Star"молоток, колотушка
















face="Times New Roman Star"mon|face="Times New Roman Star"mon|









face="Times New Roman Star"Лексика 383.
face="Times New Roman Star"*syn|yrface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 double shin boneface="Times New Roman Star"1 кости голени 2 парное копыто

face="Times New Roman Star"syrnak (dial.) 2face="Times New Roman Star"syjraq 2, (КСТТ) syrysxan 1face="Times New Roman Star"san|raq (Pav. C.), syg|raq (AH) 2


face="Times New Roman Star"syn|yr (dial.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"syn|raq, syrnaq 2face="Times New Roman Star"syrsax 1



face="Times New Roman Star"y:ra:x 2
face="Times New Roman Star"sa:r 'верх ступни', syry 'копыто', sy:rg|aq 2
face="Times New Roman Star"syjra 'пятка'face="Times New Roman Star"syjraq 2face="Times New Roman Star"syjraq 2face="Times New Roman Star"syraq 2

face="Times New Roman Star"syrc?a 'бедро'face="Times New Roman Star"syjraq 2
face="Times New Roman Star"syjraq 2face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 803, ЭСТЯ 7, Лексика 147-148, 287. In some languages the reflex may have merged with *sydyr-gak (v. sub *si_udu).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bul-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 corner, angle 2 directionface="Times New Roman Star"1 угол 2 направление, сторона светаface="Times New Roman Star"bulun| 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"bulun| 1 (MK)
face="Times New Roman Star"bolyn 'meadow'face="Times New Roman Star"OKypch. bulun| 1 (CCum.)
face="Times New Roman Star"bulun| 1


face="Times New Roman Star"pulun| 1



face="Times New Roman Star"bulun| 1
face="Times New Roman Star"bulun| 1face="Times New Roman Star"bulun| 1face="Times New Roman Star"bulun| 1face="Times New Roman Star"bulyq 'edge'
face="Times New Roman Star"bolon 1





face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 88, EDT 343, ЭСТЯ 2, 261-262. Turk. > Mong. bulun| (see Clark 1977, 133, Щербак 1997, 110), whence Evk. bolon (Doerfer MT 125).
face="Times New Roman Star"*eg-du"face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"a curved knifeface="Times New Roman Star"кривой ножface="Times New Roman Star"egdu" (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"egdu" (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"egdi (dial.)





face="Times New Roman Star"egdi



face="Times New Roman Star"avdъface="Times New Roman Star"ia"t


face="Times New Roman Star"ijdi








face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 102, VEWT 37. The semantics must have been secondarily influenced by *eg- 'to bend, curve'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?ap-, *c?opurface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 pock-marked, variegated 2 badly bred, sloppy 3 to appear (of rash, furuncles)face="Times New Roman Star"1 пестрый, рябой 2 непородистый, неряшливый 3 высыпать (о сыпи, чирьях)

face="Times New Roman Star"c?opur 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ubar 'cheval gris de fer', c?ibar 'grey, mottled (horse)' (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"c?ipo|r 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?ipa(r) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?opur 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?opur 1







face="Times New Roman Star"s?ubar 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?obur 2face="Times New Roman Star"s?ubar 1face="Times New Roman Star"s?ubar 1face="Times New Roman Star"sa"ba"rt- 'to appear (of rash on lips)', sybar 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?apyr- 3, c?ubar 1face="Times New Roman Star"c?ybar- 3face="Times New Roman Star"c?ybar, cybar 1face="Times New Roman Star"s?ubar 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?apyr- 3, c?opur 1, c?ubar 'variegated'face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 116, 118-119, Егоров 320, Федотов 2, 403. An expressive and late attested root; appears, however, to be reconstructable for PT. The original shape is probably *c?ap- (preserved in c?ap-yr- 'to appear (of rash)', with further labial assimilation into *c?opur. The frequently attested variant c?upar > c?ubar is most probably a result of contamination *c?opur and *c?ubar (reflected in Tat. c?uwar, Kirgh. c?a:r that can only reflect *-b-).
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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